Roofing is the outermost layer of a building structure that protects against rain, snow, sunlight, and extreme temperatures. Roofers specialize in constructing and maintaining roof integrity.

Several resources, including ladder safety mobile applications, infographics, and tipsheets, are available to help prevent construction falls in the roofing industry.

Roofing shingles are the most recognizable element of any roof, serving as the protective barrier between our homes and the elements. But just like any other material, they’re not impervious to damage and wear and tear. As such, shingles must be repaired or replaced as the need arises. Often, these repairs are due to weather events or simply as the shingles reach their natural lifespan and lose their waterproofing ability. But in some cases, the culprit is a more insidious enemy: rot.

Rot is a common occurrence on shingle roofs and is caused by prolonged exposure to moisture. Algae and moss, which love damp, shaded environments, can quickly wreak havoc on a roof’s shingles by penetrating into the tiny crevices between them. Once they’ve done so, the shingles become susceptible to water seepage and rot, eventually exposing your home to structural damage, leaks, and even health hazards.

Another issue that can affect shingle roofs is their tendency to become curled, which happens as the asphalt in them dries out over time. This can cause the shingles to weaken, becoming more brittle and easier to break off in high winds. This is a fairly common problem that can be addressed by replacing the affected shingles or, if the problem is widespread, the entire roof.

Shingles can also be subject to a number of other issues that contribute to their premature degradation, such as improper installation or poor workmanship. A common error is failing to properly adhere the shingle strip to the asphalt layer underneath. This can be due to misalignment, improper nail placement, debris in the sealant strips, or release tape that was not removed from the shingle before installation.

Finally, shingle roofs can be subject to foot traffic, which can be hard on them. This can lead to granule loss, which is when the top coating of the shingle starts to detach and fall off. This can also cause the asphalt to overheat and melt, leading to a shingle that is not as watertight as it could be.

Of course, many shingle problems can be prevented by hiring a qualified roofing contractor to install your roof. A professional will ensure the proper installation and adhesion of the shingle strip, as well as ensuring that all installation and repair errors are corrected. Additionally, they’ll help ensure that the shingles are positioned in a way to avoid excessive heating and cooling, which can lead to premature degradation.

Underlayment

Roofing contractors rely on underlayment to protect the roof from elements that could damage it. This layer of protection slots between the deck and the roof covering and can be made of various materials including felt, rubberized asphalt, or non-bitumen synthetic underlayment. The underlayment material can affect how the roof performs over time, but they all serve essential functions.

The underlayment acts as a barrier to water that would otherwise penetrate the roof deck and cause damage or leaks. This is especially important in areas where rain, snow, and ice are common. The underlayment also helps insulate the home, which can save energy costs by preventing hot and cold air from passing through the roof.

Felt underlayment is a traditional type of underlayment and can be used under shingle, tile, or metal roofs. It is a thin paper-like material that is saturated with asphalt to enhance its strength, tear resistance, and water resistance. It is available in 15 or 30-lb rolls and can be fastened to the roof with staples or, in high-wind areas, with plastic caps that help prevent damage to the underlayment.

Some of the most popular underlayments include rubberized asphalt, which is made of a combination of recycled rubber and asphalt to create an extra layer of water-resistant protection for your home. It can be used under shingles, tiles, and metal roofs and has an estimated lifespan of 20 to 35 years.

Another option is a self-adhering underlayment, which has a sticky back that adheres to the roof deck. This type of underlayment can be used in areas of the roof that are prone to leaks such as eaves, valleys, vents, and chimneys. Self-adhering underlayments are easy to install and offer a quick, cost-efficient solution for a roof that is vulnerable to moisture penetration.

Underlayment is a critical part of your roof, but it can be damaged by improper installation or the use of inappropriate fasteners. It is recommended that a roofing contractor be hired to perform the installation of underlayment and other components of your roof, to ensure they are installed properly.

Flashing

A roof’s flashing protects the vulnerable areas of the structure that are most prone to leaks. These include the low points where two different roof slopes meet (called valleys), as well as roof protrusions such as chimneys, plumbing vents and skylights. Flashing is typically installed in thin strips along the joints of these areas to ensure that water will not get in and cause damage. Flashing can be made from various metals, including copper, galvanized steel and aluminum. Usually, these are coated with a protective zinc coating to resist corrosion and to help them last longer. Flashing can also be made from a variety of plastics, including pvc, but these materials tend to break down when exposed to sunlight over time.

There are several types of flashing: Channel flashing-Shaped like a “U” to catch and divert water where the wall cladding meets the roof. Apron flashing-Covering the joint where a vertical surface meets a sloping roof and directing rainwater to gutters. Valley flashing-Protects the low points of a roof where two slopes meet, directing water to the gutters or off the roof. Flat ridge flashing-Covers the top of the roof ridge, similar to roll-top ridge flashing but with a flatter ridge. Barge capping flashing-Similar to flat ridge flashing but box-shaped.

Roof flashing is designed and installed by a qualified roofing professional to ensure that it will work properly. If the flashing is not correctly designed, cut and fastened it will not be able to seal the gap between the cladding and the roof and will lead to water damage.

If you notice that your roof flashing is showing signs of wear, you should call a roofing contractor immediately. There are a number of ways that flashing can fail, and it is important to address any problems as soon as possible.

Flashing failure may be visible from the ground or in the attic. The most common sign of flashing failure is the development of leaks around chimneys, vents, skylights and other roof penetrations. However, even when the flashing is still intact it is important to repair any damage as quickly as possible to prevent further leaks and water damage.

Soffit

The soffit, along with the fascia board, is a crucial component of any roof. Though often overlooked by homeowners, they play a vital role in keeping the roof healthy and functioning correctly. They keep water from entering the house, help regulate temperature and moisture levels, and contribute to a more energy-efficient home. They also provide a barrier from pests and prevent mold and rot. Soffits and fascia are not only essential for the health of your roof, but they can also boost the curb appeal of your home.

A soffit is the underside of the roof eave, protecting the rafters from moisture and pests. This is one of the most important functions a soffit serves, as if it were not installed, rafters could rot and cause structural damage to the roof. This would be a costly problem that is easy to avoid with proper soffit installation and maintenance.

Soffits can be made of many different materials, including aluminum and vinyl. They may be vented or non-vented, depending on the needs of the homeowner. They allow air to circulate into and out of the attic space, preventing moisture buildup and reducing the risk of mold. They also help to regulate the temperatures in your home, keeping it cooler in summer and warmer in winter.

As a result, soffits are essential to maintaining a comfortable indoor environment throughout the year. Efficient attic ventilation also helps reduce the load on your heating and cooling system, resulting in reduced energy bills. Keeping soffits and fascia in good condition will help to extend the life of your roof.

Considering the crucial function of your soffit, it is worth paying attention to any signs of damage or neglect. Contact your local roofing company if you notice any issues with your soffit and fascia to ensure they are in good condition. Addressing these problems promptly can prevent them from causing costly damage to the rest of your roof and your home. Ideally, they should be inspected on a regular basis to make sure they are not becoming damp or rotted.